Richards

1. NSW Valuer General, Property Sales Information (market sales). Market sales, 2001 to 2 November 2026, one price per dealing, each placed in its suburb through its lot and plan or address in G-NAF, else its locality and postcode. Bulk, part and nominal sales excluded; medians need at least 5 sales. Homes are what VG records as a residence; vacant land and commercial, farm and other property are counted apart. Settlement times go by the year a sale settled, and the latest year is still filling in. Land per m² and block sizes use the lot area VG records.
2. NSW Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research, recorded criminal incidents by suburb. 2001–2025. Rates per 1,000 residents use the ABS estimated resident population of the same year, estimated for suburbs from SA2s; shown only where at least 200 people live.
3. ABS Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA) 2021, by suburb (SAL). Percentile = rank among NSW suburbs with at least 100 residents. CC BY 4.0.
4. NSW Fair Trading rental bond lodgements. New bonds lodged Oct 2025 – Sep 2026, by postcode.
5. ATO Taxation Statistics 2023–24, Individuals Table 6 (postcode). Median taxable income and net rental losses of people who lodged with a postcode here.
6. ABS Census of Population and Housing 2021. Residents, age, renting and dwelling type. CC BY 4.0.
7. Australian Bureau of Statistics, Regional Population: estimated resident population by SA2 and council, 30 June 2001–2025 (ABS Data API). The ABS's estimate of the people who usually live in each area at 30 June, updated every year from the Census, births, deaths and migration (June 2025 figures, released March 2026). The ABS publishes SA2s and councils; a suburb's or postcode's figure shares its SA2s' estimates out by their 2021 Census residents, so growth inside an SA2 is spread evenly across it; a place's growth is worked out from those figures. Growth is left out where fewer than 100 people lived the year before. CC BY 4.0.
8. Australian Bureau of Statistics, Data by Region: personal income in Australia (from personal income tax returns, 2018–19 to 2022–23) and Counts of Australian Businesses (30 June 2021–2025), by SA2 and council (ABS Data API). Income counts the residents who lodged a tax return, by where they live; government pensions and allowances are left out, and medians and shares where fewer than 100 people earned that income. Businesses are those registered for GST, counted by the address they give, with the share turning over $2 million or more shown where there are at least 50. The ABS publishes SA2s and councils; a suburb's or postcode's income is the average of its SA2s', weighted by the residents it shares with each (2021 Census), and its business counts share its SA2s' out the same way, so both are estimates. CC BY 4.0.
9. Australian Electoral Commission, House of Representatives results by polling place, and votes by where electors live (SA1), federal elections 2007–2025 (AEC Tally Room). Votes are counted where they are cast, not where voters live, so a place's figures are estimates. For 2019 and 2022 they come from the AEC's count of votes by the SA1 electors live in, which places nearly every vote; for the other elections, each election-day vote is placed at the polling places nearest the homes in its division, shared by their residents (2021 Census), and pre-poll, postal and absent votes can't be placed. So each figure shows the share of its electorates' formal votes it is built from. Two-party-preferred is Labor against the Coalition. Electorates, members and candidates are the AEC's own results for each whole division. © Commonwealth of Australia (Australian Electoral Commission), CC BY 4.0.
10. NSW Electoral Commission, Legislative Assembly results by polling place (state elections 2015–2023) and local government results by council, ward and mayoralty (2021 and 2024), from its past results site. State figures are estimates, as for federal: each election-day vote is placed at the polling places nearest the homes in its district, shared by their residents (2021 Census), and pre-poll, postal, iVote and absent votes can't be placed, so each figure shows the share of its districts' formal votes it is built from. Two-party-preferred is Labor against the Coalition, from NSWEC's two-candidate count where the final two were Labor and the Coalition; districts where they weren't have no two-party figure. Council results are NSWEC's own counts for each council, ward and mayoralty, not estimates; a council's polling places place it, never its name. Districts, members, councillors and candidates are NSWEC's own results. © State of New South Wales through the NSW Electoral Commission, CC BY 4.0.
11. NSW RFS Bush Fire Prone Land, matched to G-NAF addresses. The full certified map (vegetation categories 1–3 and the buffer), every live address tested. © NSW Rural Fire Service 2026, CC BY. A planning designation, not a risk rating.
12. NSW flood planning areas mapped by LEPs and precinct SEPPs (DPHI), matched to G-NAF addresses. Only councils whose LEP maps a flood planning area, plus Western Sydney precinct maps. Councils have kept their own flood maps since July 2021, so check with the council for the latest. CC BY 3.0 AU.
13. NSW Department of Education school intake zones and public schools master dataset (data.nsw.gov.au), matched to G-NAF addresses. Editions of 2 Oct 2026. Every live address is tested against each catchment. Enrolment is the August census (full-time equivalent); ICSEA as the department publishes it. Government schools only. CC BY.
14. NSW EPI Primary Planning Layers (DPHI): land zoning and heritage items and conservation areas of every LEP and SEPP. Zone shares by land area in ABS 2021 boundaries; heritage shares of G-NAF addresses, each tested at its point. The instrument's map, not legal advice: the instrument and a planning certificate decide what applies to a lot. CC BY 3.0 AU.
15. Transport for NSW Centre for Road Safety, NSW Crash Data (opendata.transport.nsw.gov.au), placed by each crash's coordinates. Police-reported crashes, reporting years 2016–2025, each year from the newest of the centre's five-year windows that covers it (2016–2020 to 2021–2025; the newest edition of 8 Oct 2026): fatal, injury and towaway crashes, with the road users involved. Rates per 1,000 residents use the ABS estimated resident population averaged over the same years, shown where at least 200 people live. Crash counts follow traffic, so busy roads and centres read high. CC BY.
16. Transport for NSW, Public Transport Accessibility Level (PTAL) by ABS 2021 mesh block (opendata.transport.nsw.gov.au). December 2022–2025 snapshots, each a weekday's timetable (the first Tuesday in December; school buses excluded). TfNSW bands its accessibility index from the walk to nearby stops and how often they are served into levels 1 (low) to 6 (very high); 0 is our code for a mesh block with no service that hour. Averaged over residents (ABS 2021 mesh-block counts) for suburbs, postcodes and councils: a summary, not a level TfNSW publishes. CC BY.
17. NSW Department of Planning, Housing and Infrastructure, Greater Sydney Region Tree Canopy to Modified Mesh Block, 2022 and 2024/25 (SEED). Aerial surveys of Greater Sydney's urban and rural areas (ArborCarbon, 0.48 m imagery; the 2022 and 2024/25 surveys share a method). The share of land under vegetation taller than 3 m, summed from DPHI's modified mesh blocks to ABS mesh blocks (those at least half surveyed, with a 2016 code that is also a 2021 one) and weighted by the land surveyed for suburbs, postcodes and councils. CC BY 4.0.
18. Revenue NSW, duty, first home buyer and land tax statistics by postcode (revenue.nsw.gov.au), data as at 1 October 2026. Financial years to June 2026, each shown once it has ended: first home buyer duty exemptions and concessions from 2009–10, First Home Owner Grant payments from 2021–22 and transfer duty on residential land from 2020–21, each by the postcode on the lodged transfer or the grant. Exemptions are counted at lodgement and grants at payment, so the two don't match; duty is the amount paid, not a count of sales. Suburb and council figures are estimates, shared out from postcodes by their 2021 dwellings (ABS mesh blocks). CC BY.
19. Clean Energy Regulator, small-scale installations by postcode. Solar systems per 100 separate houses (Census 2021, growth-adjusted).
20. Australian Business Register, ABN Bulk Extract, 14 Oct 2026. Active ABNs by postcode. CC BY 3.0 AU.
21. Live Traffic NSW (TfNSW) and NSW RFS major incidents.
22. Transport for NSW, Live Traffic Cameras (camera list and webcam images). Still images, refreshed about once a minute; not video. CC BY 4.0.
23. NSW FuelCheck service station prices, via API.NSW. Live, shown only when the Bowerbird live server is running with a key. Prices as stations last reported them.
24. TfNSW Open Data static GTFS (Sydney Trains, Metro, Light Rail, Sydney Ferries). Station locations. CC BY 4.0.
25. Liquor & Gaming NSW, licensed premises list, each October from 2021, © State of New South Wales, CC BY 4.0. Licences with premises people go to, placed by the list's own coordinates. Limited licences, pop-ups, producers and delivery-only businesses aren't counted, nor are venues that have stopped trading for six weeks or more. Hours tiers are what a licence allows, not when a venue opens. The list's licensees aren't shown.
26. Bowerbird estimate, modelled from Liquor & Gaming NSW's gaming machine reports, © State of New South Wales, CC BY 4.0. Our estimate of each club's and hotel's net profit from its machines, before gaming tax, from 2017 (suburbs from 2021). Liquor & Gaming NSW publishes each venue's rank by net profit and its machines, and dollars only by council; the model fits the ranks to the council totals and adds the venues up by the postcode and council the rankings give and the suburb the premises list places them in. It isn't a published figure, and this release has a range for a venue (the map's venue card) but none for an area: on council rows held back, its median error is under 1%, and where clubs' own accounts were reported, most read 5% to 12% below it. A venue with a loss reads as a small profit. Takings include visitors. The latest year is a part year.
27. ABS Australian Statistical Geography Standard 2021: suburbs and localities, postal areas, LGAs. Boundaries. CC BY 4.0.
28. Bureau of Health Information. Healthcare Quarterly: Ambulance. Sydney (NSW); BHI. Free to use for non-commercial purposes with BHI acknowledged. NSW Ambulance responses and incidents by financial year, and emergency (category 2) response times for the latest quarter, as BHI reports them by ABS statistical area (SA3). A suburb, postcode or council takes the figures of the SA3 around it, so they are the wider area's, not its own. Rates per 1,000 residents use the SA3's ABS estimated resident population. NSW Ambulance changed its response grid in February 2025, so responses either side of it don't strictly compare.
29. NSW flood studies (Hawkesbury-Nepean 2024; Ku-ring-gai; Parramatta). NSW Reconstruction Authority, Hawkesbury-Nepean River Flood Study 2024, CC BY 4.0; Ku-ring-gai Council flood studies (Hydrology), CC BY 4.0; City of Parramatta flood mapping, used under the council's terms (non-commercial use). Matched to G-NAF addresses. Each study says only what it modelled.
31. Australian Bureau of Statistics, Building Approvals, Australia, CC BY 4.0: dwelling units approved by SA2 (ABS Data API). Dwelling units approved each month from July 2021, by councils and private certifiers: new houses, townhouses and apartments, and the dwellings alterations create, added up by financial year to June; the latest year runs to the latest month the ABS has published for small areas. An approval is what may be built, not what was. Per 1,000 residents divides by the ABS estimated resident population at the start of the year, left out under 200 residents. The ABS publishes SA2s and councils; a suburb's or postcode's figure shares its SA2s' approvals out by their 2021 Census residents, so it is an estimate. Original series, not seasonally adjusted.
32. © State of New South Wales (Spatial Services, a business unit of the Department of Customer Service NSW) 2026, StrataHub strata plans. The register of strata schemes as at 3 November 2026, each placed through its plan number or footprint at its G-NAF addresses and counted where most of them are. Lots include the garages, storerooms and shops a plan makes lots of; the share of addresses counts a scheme's units and common property. Ages and eras date each scheme's registration, not its building. A scheme that has been wound up leaves the register. Creative Commons (no version stated).

Suburb boundaries are ABS Suburbs and Localities (SAL 2021). For now, suburb figures are joined by name; they will move to the G-NAF locality ID.